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What is ovarian cancer? Part I

What is an ovarian cancer? Ovarian cancer is a malignancy that attacks the ovaries (ovaries) in women.

Cancer tubafalopii (the tube that connects the uterus and ovaries) and cancer of the peritoneum (abdominal cavity) primary ekstraovarium included in ovarian cancer because biological and clinical characteristics resembling ovarian cancer, although both are very rare.

How is the development of ovarian cancer incidence rates today? The incidence of ovarian cancer is slowly increasing in many developed countries in the past two decades.

Reported and 28.7% of all gynecologic cancers (female reproductive organs) occurs in developed countries and 18.8% in developing countries. The highest incidence rates are found in developed countries, with an average of 10 per 100,000, except in Japan (6.4 per 100,000).

Incident in South America (7.7 per 100,000) is relatively high when compared with the incidence in Asia and Africa. Yes, developed countries accounted for half of the total number of ovarian cancer worldwide.

Around the world, there are 204,000 women diagnosed and 125,000 of them died from the disease. From these figures, 90-95% due to the type of epithelial ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is currently ranked as the fifth leading cause of death in women due to cancer (Jemal, 2007).

Treatment of ovarian cancer is mainly done with surgery, followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. However, often times causing clinical remission and to date 80% of patients will experience a recurrence that often lead to progression (worsening) of disease and ends with death.
  • Ovarian Cancer Life Expectancy
The life expectancy of patients with ovarian cancer is influenced by several factors. The main thing is the extent of the spread of disease at diagnosis is made by means of surgery (surgical staging).

In general, the life expectancy of patients with ovarian cancer also depend on factors such as low grade or stage, well-differentiated tumors, the general status of the patient well, and younger age.

These factors are categorized as favorable factors. Meanwhile, poor prognostic factors include the type of clear cell and serous histologic, advanced stage, the presence of ascites, suboptimal debulking, high stage, and older age.

10 Steps to Prevent Breast Cancer

  • 1. Maintain weight
Maintaining a healthy weight throughout your life is proven to maintain health. You can calculate the BMI or Body Mass Index by means of weight (in kilograms) divided by height in meters quadrant, has been shown to significantly if the increase in BMI (more than normal 25) will increase the risk of breast cancer. In addition, and an increase in BMI has been convincingly shown to increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.
  • 2. Avoid alcohol
The use of alcohol is the most established for breast cancer. Health studies show consuming more than one alcoholic drink a day can increase the risk of breast cancer as much as 20-25 percent.
  • 3. Eat fruits and vegetables
Eat seven or more servings of vegetables and fruit every day. Vegetables for breast cancer protection include all vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower), greens (collards, kale, spinach), carrots and tomatoes. Fruits that have more content to prevent breast cancer is orange, berry and cherry. The best for you is by consuming raw or lightly cooked vegetables, because some phytochemicals believed to offer protection against breast cancer are destroyed by heat
  • 4. Exercise regularly
Many studies have shown that regular exercise provides powerful protection against breast cancer. Do it for 30 minutes to perform moderate aerobic activity (brisk walking) on ​​a regular basis.
  • 5. Reduce Fat
Are you fat right? This type of fat in your diet can affect the risk of breast cancer. Minimize consumption of omega-6 fats, saturated fats and trans fats. Maximize your intake of omega-3 fats, especially from oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, sardines). Consume monounsaturated oils (olive oil, nuts / seeds, avocados) as your primary fat source, as these foods have potential anticancer properties. In particular, olive oil is a potential source of polyphenol antioxidants and nuts and seeds provide for cancer protective mineral, selenium.
  • 6. Consumption of carbohydrates according servings
Is your carbs right? Minimize consumption of high glycemic index is white rice, white potatoes, sugar and products processed from rice, potatoes and sugar. These foods trigger hormonal changes that promote cell growth in breast tissue. Replace this your carbohydrates with whole grains and beans / legumes. Nuts for high fiber and lignan content are mainly specialized.
  • 7. Consuming soy products
Regularly consume soy products such as tofu, tempe and soy milk. Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between soy consumption and breast cancer risk reduction.
  • 8. Minimize exposure to pharmacologic estrogens and xeno-estrogens.
Do not take prescription estrogens unless medically indicated. Lifetime exposure to estrogen plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. Also avoid estrogen-like compounds found in environmental pollutants, such as pesticides and industrial chemicals. It is recommended to use organic products if you can not avoid it then wash the non-organic products correctly.
  • 9. Think positive and do not smoke
Engage in self-nurturing behaviors regularly. Develop warm and mutually beneficial relationships with family and friends. Get enough sleep (7-8 hours per night). Research has shown that long-term smoking is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in some women.
  • 10. Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding your baby until the right time. Women who breastfeed their babies for at least one year in total decreased risk of breast cancer.
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